Handbook of Latent Semantic Analysis by Thomas K. Landauer

Author:Thomas K. Landauer
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Taylor and Francis
Published: 2011-11-15T00:00:00+00:00

Appendix

Example AutoTutor–student dialogue with classified dialogue moves of AutoTutor, classified speech acts of the student, and comments.

AutoTutor When a car without headrests on the seats is struck from behind, the passengers often suffer neck injuries? Explain why. (MAIN QUESTION: This is a main question selected from AutoTutor’s curriculum script, which will take approximately 50–200 conversation turns to collaborately answer.)

Student I don’t know. (This expression by the student is classified as a metacognitive speech act because it conveys what the student knows about his/her own knowledge.)

AutoTutor Could you at least try to give me an answer? That way, we’ll have something as a starting place to work from. (PUMP: This dialogue move encourages the student to say more, but does not direct the student to express particular information.)

[Later]

AutoTutor Uh Huh (SHORT NEUTRAL FEADBACK) Let’s try this together. (DISCOURSE MARKER: This is a discourse marker that connects different dialogue moves within a turn. Another good discourse marker is “Okay.”) When the neck provides a large force to accelerate the head, what could happen to the neck? (HINT: This dialogue move leads the student to articulate a particular sentence, clauses, or proposition.)

Student What is a force? (The student can ask questions during an AutoTutor session.)

AutoTutor I’ll take a crack at answering your question. (DISCOURSE MARKER) Force is any influence that tends to accelerate an object; a push or pull; measured in newtons. Force is a vector quantity. (ANSWER: AutoTutor answers the student’s direct question by searching and fetching information from a glossary or a textbook.) Was that what you were looking for? (QUESTION SOLICITATION: AutoTutor allows the student the opportunity to rephrase his question.)

[Later]

AutoTutor See if you know the answer to this. (DISCOURSE MARKER: AutoTutor prepares the student for a direct question.) When the head and body are moving at the same acceleration, they are moving at the same __________ (PROMPT: This dialogue move encourages the student to fill in a particular word or phrase of information, in this case the word “rate.” Prompts are needed for students who are low verbal and to elicit a particular noun, verb, or adjective.)

Student distance

AutoTutor Moving at the same rate. (PROMPT COMPLETION: AutoTutor splices in the correct information if the student provides an incorrect answer to its prompt.)

[Later]

AutoTutor Okay, now, let’s recap. (DISCOURSE MARKER) In the collision notice the person’s body and head move along together. In order for this to occur the body and head must have the same acceleration. This concept applies to all situations where two bodies are moving together through space. (SUMMARY: AutoTutor recaps what the student has learned.)

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